Valletta (in Maltese, il-Belt Valletta) is the capital city of Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (in Maltese, Repubblika ta’ Malta). Located on the island of Malta, it’s the smallest capital city in the European Union and has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1980!

Compared to the rest of the island of Malta, Valletta stands out with its fortified walls, Baroque-style buildings, and narrow streets. Apart from its rich history and vibrant atmosphere, Valletta is also known for its impressive waterfront and beautiful views of the Mediterranean Sea!

So, do you want to know more about 2 Days In Valletta: The Perfect Valletta Itinerary? Keep reading!

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Brief History of Valletta

Valletta was founded in 1566 by the Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller, after their victory in the Great Siege of 1565. The foundation stone was laid by Grand Master Jean de Valette and the city was named in his honor.

Constructed within just 15 years, Valletta became a center of Baroque architecture and military fortification. Iconic buildings like Saint John’s Co-Cathedral and the Grandmaster’s Palace were erected to reflect the city’s rich artistic and strategic legacy.

Founded in the 12th century in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, this Catholic military order stayed in the country until 1798. During these 268 years, the Knights Hospitaller constructed the new capital city of Valletta and developed Maltese architecture and arts.

On June 10th, 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Malta and Gozo. However, both islands became a British Protectorate on September 4th, 1800, and then the Crown Colony of Malta in 1813. The country achieved independence on September 21st, 1964, but it’s still part of the Commonwealth.

World Heritage

Did you know that the City of Valletta was part of Malta’s first set of inscriptions on the UNESCO World Heritage List? The 4th session of the World Heritage Committee took place in Paris (France), between September 1st and 5th, 1980.

Two other Maltese sites were announced in the session: the Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum and the Megalithic Temples of Malta.

Nowadays, Malta has three heritage assets (both cultural and natural) inscribed on the World Heritage List of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization!

In the meantime, I’ve already had the opportunity to visit two of them:

• City of Valletta (1980)
• Megalithic Temples of Malta (1980) – Ġgantija Temples

Visiting Valletta

In my opinion, the best way to visit Valletta is to spend two full days exploring the city on foot, as most of its streets are pedestrian-only. The Maltese capital is compact, yet rich in history, culture, and atmosphere. Walking around will allow you to appreciate its charm at a relaxed pace.

However, Valletta is also an excellent stop on a road trip through Malta! In that case, I suggest exploring other destinations on the island: Sliema (7 km), Qormi (7 km), Cospicua (8 km), Senglea (9 km), Birgu (9 km), Żebbuġ (9 km), Żejtun (10 km), Żabbar (10 km), Siġġiewi (11 km), or Mdina (13 km).

Valletta Itinerary – Day 1

Bieb il-Belt

The first day of this Valletta itinerary begins at the City Gate (in Maltese, Bieb il-Belt), which has been rebuilt several times. The current minimalist design by Italian architect Renzo Piano was inaugurated in 2014 and marks a striking contrast between Valletta’s fortified past and its evolving modern identity.

Located at the edge of Republic Street, the City Gate has always symbolized the threshold between the bustling capital and the outside world. Though contemporary in appearance, this historic entrance retains its role as the ceremonial and cultural gateway to Valletta’s rich heritage.

It-Teatru Rjal

The next stop on this Valletta itinerary is the Royal Theater (in Maltese, It-Teatru Rjal), whose ruins stood untouched for decades. Originally built in 1866, it was one of the most prestigious opera houses in Europe before being destroyed during World War II.

In 2013, the site was transformed into an open-air performance space by architect Renzo Piano. Today, the Royal Theater hosts concerts and cultural events, blending historical memory with contemporary use in the heart of Valletta.

MUŻA – Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Arti

This Valletta itinerary continues in the National Museum of Fine Art (in Maltese, MUŻA —Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Arti), which opened in 2018 as part of Valletta’s European Capital of Culture celebrations. Housed in the historic Auberge d’Italie, its name means “inspiration” in Maltese.

The MUŻA showcases works by Maltese and European artists, from the Renaissance to contemporary art. With its interactive exhibits and focus on community engagement, the museum offers a modern take on Malta’s artistic heritage.

Il-Barrakka ta’ Fuq

The next stop on this Valletta itinerary is the Upper Barrakka Gardens (in Maltese, Il-Barrakka ta’ Fuq), a peaceful terrace offering the best panoramic views of the Grand Harbour. Originally projected in the 17th century for the Knights Hospitaller, the gardens were later opened to the public in 1824.

From the terrace of the Upper Barrakka Gardens, you can enjoy sweeping views of the Grand Harbour and the Three Cities (in Maltese, It-Tlett Ibliet): Birgu (in Maltese, Il-Birgu; and in Italian, Vittoriosa), Senglea (in Maltese, L-Isla), and Cospicua (in Maltese, Bormla).

Knisja ta’ San Franġisk t’Assisi

This Valletta itinerary continues in the Saint Francis of Assisi Church (in Maltese, Knisja ta’ San Franġisk t’Assisi), a Baroque landmark off Republic Street. Built between 1598 and 1615, it’s mostly known for its delicate frescoes and soft light, which create a peaceful and reflective ambiance.

Like the name might suggest, the Saint Francis of Assisi Church was founded by the Franciscans and has long been a place of devotion. Playing a significant role in the religious life of Valletta, it has undergone several restorations to preserve its historic features.

Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Arkeoloġija

The next stop on this Valletta itinerary is the National Museum of Archaeology (in Maltese, Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Arkeoloġija), located in the Auberge de Provence. Opened in 1958, the museum houses a vast collection of prehistoric artifacts, including the famous “Sleeping Lady” statue.

The National Museum of Archaeology is a key institution for understanding Malta’s ancient history, showcasing the island’s archaeological discoveries over millennia. Its exhibits cover a wide range of periods, from prehistoric to Phoenician, offering insight into Malta’s early civilizations.

Kon-Katidral ta’ San Ġwann

This Valletta itinerary continues in Saint John’s Co-Cathedral (in Maltese, Kon-Katidral ta’ San Ġwann), a stunning Baroque masterpiece located in the heart of the city. Completed in 1578, the cathedral is known for its opulent interior, including Caravaggio’s “The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist”.

Saint John’s Co-Cathedral serves as the official church of the Knights of Saint John and remains an active place of worship. Its rich history, intricate artwork, and impressive architecture make it one of Malta’s most important landmarks!

Bibljoteka Nazzjonali ta’ Malta

The first day of this Valletta itinerary ends at the National Library of Malta (in Maltese, Bibljoteka Nazzjonali ta’ Malta), established in 1760. The institution houses an extensive collection of rare books, manuscripts, and historical documents, including significant works related to Malta’s history.

Its architecture blends Classical and Baroque styles, reflecting the island’s long cultural heritage. As a key center for research and scholarship, the National Library of Malta offers a rich insight into Malta’s literary and historical past.

Valletta Itinerary – Day 2

Il-Pro-Katridral ta’ San Pawl

The second day of this Valletta itinerary starts at Saint Paul’s Pro-Cathedral (in Maltese, Il-Pro-Katridral ta’ San Pawl), constructed between 1798 and 1816 in the Neoclassical style. The cathedral was originally built to serve the British community in Malta and features a simple yet elegant design.

The interior of Saint Paul’s Pro-Cathedral houses several notable elements, including a marble altar and frescoes depicting key moments from the life of Saint Paul. It also contains the tombs of prominent British figures who served in Malta during the 19th century.

Bażilika tal-Madonna tal-Karmnu

This Valletta itinerary continues in the Basilica of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (in Maltese, Bażilika tal-Madonna tal-Karmnu), a Baroque church completed in 1681. This religious temple is known for its impressive façade and its interior, which features intricate stuccoes and a large central altar.

The Basilica of Our Lady of Mount Carmel has long been a center of devotion for the Carmelites, officially known as the Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel. It also houses a revered statue of the Madonna, popular among local worshippers and visitors.

Il-Palazz tal-Granmastru

The next stop on this Valletta itinerary is the Grandmaster’s Palace (in Maltese, Il-Palazz tal-Granmastru), designed in the 16th century as the residence of the Grand Masters of the Knights of Saint John. The palace blends Renaissance and Baroque styles, with a richly decorated interior.

Today, the Grandmaster’s Palace houses the offices of the President of Malta and the House of Representatives. Visitors can explore the building’s impressive halls, including the Armoury, which displays a vast collection of weaponry and armor.

Is-Suq tal-Belt

This Valletta itinerary continues in the City Market (in Maltese, Is-Suq tal-Belt), a 19th-century market hall that was fully renovated in 2018. The venue features a wide variety of local produce, artisanal goods, fresh ingredients, and vibrant food stalls.

The building of the City Market combines Victorian and classical architectural elements, offering a unique blend of old-world charm and modern design. It has become a popular spot for both shopping and dining, attracting locals and visitors alike in the heart of Valletta.

Casa Rocca Piccola

The next stop on this Valletta itinerary is the Casa Rocca Piccola, a 16th-century noble residence that remains privately owned by a Maltese aristocratic family. The house offers a detailed look at the domestic life of the nobility, with many rooms carefully preserved in their original state.

In the Casa Rocca Piccola, visitors can explore the grand ballroom, the personal chambers, a family chapel, and even a network of underground war shelters that were actively used during World War II to protect residents from air raids and bombings!

Il-Barrakka t’Isfel

This Valletta itinerary continues in the Lower Barrakka Gardens (in Maltese, Il-Barrakka t’Isfel), a peaceful public garden overlooking the Grand Harbour. It was laid out in the 19th century and is known for its neoclassical monument and shaded pathways.

From the Lower Barrakka Gardens’ terraces, you can get clear views of the harbour, the breakwater, and the Three Cities – just like the Upper Barrakka Gardens. Plus, it’s a great place for a short walk or a quiet rest between sites!

The Malta Experience

The next stop on this Valletta itinerary is The Malta Experience, a long-running audiovisual show housed in a purpose-built theater near Fort Saint Elmo. It provides a concise and engaging overview of Malta’s 7,000-year history, covering everything from prehistoric temples to modern independence.

The Malta Experience lasts about 45 minutes and is available in multiple languages, making it accessible to a wide audience. The show is an ideal introduction for visitors seeking historical context before exploring more of the Maltese capital and its landmarks.

Forti Sant’Iermu

The second day of this Valletta itinerary ends at Fort Saint Elmo (in Maltese, Forti Sant’Iermu), a star-shaped fortress guarding the entrance to the Grand Harbour. Originally built in the 16th century by the Knights of Saint John, it played a key role in the Great Siege of Malta, in 1565.

Today, Fort Saint Elmo houses the National War Museum, which covers Malta’s military history from ancient times to World War II. Exhibits include original weapons, uniforms, and the George Cross awarded to the island in 1942.

Map of the Valletta Itinerary

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What Photography Gear Do I Use?

• Camera Body: Fujifilm X-T4 Mirrorless
• Camera Lens: Fujinon XF 18-55 mm F2.8-4 R LM OIS
• Tripod: Manfrotto Compact Action
• Small Tripod: Manfrotto PIXI Mini
• Smartphone Adaptor: Manfrotto PIXI Clamp
• Memory Card: SanDisk 128GB Extreme PRO SDXC